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# std.uri

Encode and decode Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs). URIs are used in internet transfer protocols. Valid URI characters consist of letters, digits, and the characters ;/?:@&=+$,-.!~*'() Reserved URI characters are ;/?:@&=+$, Escape sequences consist of % followed by two hex digits.
See Also:
RFC 3986
Wikipedia
License:
Boost License 1.0.
Authors:
Walter Bright

Source std/uri.d

class `URIException`: object.Exception;
  This Exception is thrown if something goes wrong when encoding or decoding a URI.
  Examples:

      import std.exception : assertThrown;
      assertThrown!URIException("%ab".decode);

string `decode`(Char)(scope const(Char)[] `encodedURI`)
if (isSomeChar!Char);
  Decodes the URI string encodedURI into a UTF-8 string and returns it. Escape sequences that resolve to reserved URI characters are not replaced. Escape sequences that resolve to the '#' character are not replaced.
  Examples:

      writeln("foo%20bar".decode); // "foo bar"
      writeln("%3C%3E.@.%E2%84%A2".decode); // "<>.@.™"
      writeln("foo&/".decode); // "foo&/"
      writeln("!@#$&*(".decode); // "!@#$&*("

string `decodeComponent`(Char)(scope const(Char)[] `encodedURIComponent`)
if (isSomeChar!Char);
  Decodes the URI string encodedURI into a UTF-8 string and returns it. All escape sequences are decoded.
  Examples:

      writeln("foo%2F%26".decodeComponent); // "foo/&"
      writeln("dl%C3%A4ng%20r%C3%B6cks".decodeComponent); // "dläng röcks"
      writeln("!%40%23%24%25%5E%26*(".decodeComponent); // "!@#$%^&*("

string `encode`(Char)(scope const(Char)[] `uri`)
if (isSomeChar!Char);
  Encodes the UTF-8 string uri into a URI and returns that URI. Any character not a valid URI character is escaped. The '#' character is not escaped.
  Examples:

      writeln("foo bar".encode); // "foo%20bar"
      writeln("<>.@.™".encode); // "%3C%3E.@.%E2%84%A2"
      writeln("foo/#?a=1&b=2".encode); // "foo/#?a=1&b=2"
      writeln("dlang+rocks!".encode); // "dlang+rocks!"
      writeln("!@#$%^&*(".encode); // "!@#$%25%5E&*("

string `encodeComponent`(Char)(scope const(Char)[] `uriComponent`)
if (isSomeChar!Char);
  Encodes the UTF-8 string uriComponent into a URI and returns that URI. Any character not a letter, digit, or one of -.!~*'() is escaped.
  Examples:

      writeln("!@#$%^&*(".encodeComponent); // "!%40%23%24%25%5E%26*("
      writeln("<>.@.™".encodeComponent); // "%3C%3E.%40.%E2%84%A2"
      writeln("foo/&".encodeComponent); // "foo%2F%26"
      writeln("dläng röcks".encodeComponent); // "dl%C3%A4ng%20r%C3%B6cks"
      writeln("dlang+rocks!".encodeComponent); // "dlang%2Brocks!"

ptrdiff_t `uriLength`(Char)(scope const(Char)[] `s`)
if (isSomeChar!Char);
  Does string s[] start with a URL?
  Returns:
  -1 it does not len it does, and s[0 .. len] is the slice of s[] that is that URL
  Examples:

      string s1 = "http://www.digitalmars.com/~fred/fredsRX.html#foo end!";
      writeln(uriLength(s1)); // 49
      string s2 = "no uri here";
      writeln(uriLength(s2)); // -1
      assert(uriLength("issue 14924") < 0);

ptrdiff_t `emailLength`(Char)(scope const(Char)[] `s`)
if (isSomeChar!Char);
  Does string s[] start with an email address?
  Returns:
  -1 it does not len it does, and s[0 .. i] is the slice of s[] that is that email address

  References RFC2822

  Examples:

      string s1 = "my.e-mail@www.example-domain.com with garbage added";
      writeln(emailLength(s1)); // 32
      string s2 = "no email address here";
      writeln(emailLength(s2)); // -1
      assert(emailLength("issue 14924") < 0);

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