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# dmd.dtemplate

Compiler implementation of the D programming language.
Template implementation.
Authors:
Walter Bright
License:
Boost License 1.0

Source: dtemplate.d

Expression `isExpression`(RootObject `o`);
  These functions substitute for dynamic_cast. dynamic_cast does not work on earlier versions of gcc.
bool `isError`(RootObject `o`);
  Is this Object an error?
bool `arrayObjectIsError`(Objects* `args`);
  Are any of the Objects an error?
Type `getType`(RootObject `o`);
  Try to get arg as a type.
class `TemplateDeclaration`: dmd.dsymbol.ScopeDsymbol;
  bool `overloadInsert`(Dsymbol `s`);
    Overload existing TemplateDeclaration 'this' with the new one '`s`'. Return `true` if successful; i.e. no conflict.
  bool `evaluateConstraint`(TemplateInstance `ti`, Scope* `sc`, Scope* `paramscope`, Objects* `dedargs`, FuncDeclaration `fd`);
    Check to see if constraint is satisfied.
  MATCH `matchWithInstance`(Scope* `sc`, TemplateInstance `ti`, Objects* `dedtypes`, Expressions* `fargs`, int `flag`);
    Given that `ti` is an instance of this TemplateDeclaration, deduce the types of the parameters to this, and store those deduced types in `dedtypes`[].

    Input: `flag` 1: don't do semantic() because of dummy types 2: don't change types in matchArg()

    Output: `dedtypes` deduced arguments Return match level.

  MATCH `leastAsSpecialized`(Scope* `sc`, TemplateDeclaration `td2`, Expressions* `fargs`);
    Determine partial specialization order of 'this' vs `td2`.
    Returns:
    match this is at least as specialized as `td2` 0 `td2` is more specialized than this
  MATCH `deduceFunctionTemplateMatch`(TemplateInstance `ti`, Scope* `sc`, ref FuncDeclaration `fd`, Type `tthis`, Expressions* `fargs`);
    Match function arguments against a specific template function.

    Input: `ti` `sc` instantiation scope `fd` `tthis` 'this' argument if !NULL `fargs` arguments to function

    Output: `fd` Partially instantiated function declaration `ti`.tdtypes Expression/Type deduced template arguments

    Returns:
    match level bit 0-3 Match template parameters by inferred template arguments bit 4-7 Match template parameters by initial template arguments
  RootObject `declareParameter`(Scope* `sc`, TemplateParameter `tp`, RootObject `o`);
    Declare template parameter `tp` with value `o`, and install it in the scope `sc`.
  FuncDeclaration `doHeaderInstantiation`(TemplateInstance `ti`, Scope* `sc2`, FuncDeclaration `fd`, Type `tthis`, Expressions* `fargs`);
    Limited function template instantiation for using `fd`.leastAsSpecialized()
  TemplateInstance `findExistingInstance`(TemplateInstance `tithis`, Expressions* `fargs`);
    Given a new instance `tithis` of this TemplateDeclaration, see if there already exists an instance. If so, return that existing instance.
  TemplateInstance `addInstance`(TemplateInstance `ti`);
    Add instance `ti` to TemplateDeclaration's table of instances. Return a handle we can use to later remove it if it fails instantiation.
  void `removeInstance`(TemplateInstance `ti`);
    Remove TemplateInstance from table of instances.

    Input: handle returned by addInstance()

  TemplateTupleParameter `isVariadic`();
    Check if the last template parameter is a tuple one, and returns it if so, else returns null.
    Returns:
    The last template parameter if it's a TemplateTupleParameter
  bool `isOverloadable`();
    We can overload templates.
void `functionResolve`(Match* `m`, Dsymbol `dstart`, Loc `loc`, Scope* `sc`, Objects* `tiargs`, Type `tthis`, Expressions* `fargs`);
  Given function arguments, figure out which template function to expand, and return matching result.

  Input: `m` matching result `dstart` the root of overloaded function templates `loc` instantiation location `sc` instantiation scope `tiargs` initial list of template arguments `tthis` if !NULL, the 'this' pointer argument `fargs` arguments to function

bool `reliesOnTident`(Type `t`, TemplateParameters* `tparams` = null, size_t `iStart` = 0);
  Check whether the type `t` representation relies on one or more the template parameters.
  Parameters:

  Type `t` | Tested type, if `null`, returns `false`.
  TemplateParameters* `tparams` | Template parameters.
  size_t `iStart` | Start index of `tparams` to limit the tested parameters. If it's nonzero, `tparams`[0..`iStart`] will be excluded from the test target.

abstract class `TemplateParameter`;
  MATCH `matchArg`(Loc `instLoc`, Scope* `sc`, Objects* `tiargs`, size_t `i`, TemplateParameters* `parameters`, Objects* `dedtypes`, Declaration* `psparam`);
    Match to a particular TemplateParameter.

    Input: `instLoc` location that the template is instantiated. `tiargs`[] actual arguments to template instance `i` `i`'th argument `parameters`[] template `parameters` `dedtypes`[] deduced arguments to template instance *`psparam` set to symbol declared and initialized to `dedtypes`[`i`]

class `TemplateTypeParameter`: dmd.dtemplate.TemplateParameter;

  Syntax: ident : specType = defaultType

class `TemplateThisParameter`: dmd.dtemplate.TemplateTypeParameter;

  Syntax: this ident : specType = defaultType

class `TemplateValueParameter`: dmd.dtemplate.TemplateParameter;

  Syntax: valType ident : specValue = defaultValue

class `TemplateAliasParameter`: dmd.dtemplate.TemplateParameter;

  Syntax: specType ident : specAlias = defaultAlias

class `TemplateTupleParameter`: dmd.dtemplate.TemplateParameter;

  Syntax: ident ...

class `TemplateInstance`: dmd.dsymbol.ScopeDsymbol;

  Given: foo!(args) => name = foo tiargs = args

  final this(Loc `loc`, TemplateDeclaration `td`, Objects* `tiargs`);
    This constructor is only called when we figured out which function template to instantiate.
  final void `printInstantiationTrace`();
    Given an error instantiating the TemplateInstance, give the nested TemplateInstance instantiations that got us here. Those are a list threaded into the nested scopes.
  final Identifier `getIdent`();
    Lazily generate identifier for template instance. This is because 75% of the ident's are never needed.
  final int `compare`(RootObject `o`);
    Compare proposed template instantiation with existing template instantiation. Note that this is not commutative because of the auto ref check.
    Parameters:

    this | proposed template instantiation
    RootObject `o` | existing template instantiation

    Returns:
    0 for match, 1 for no match
  final bool `needsCodegen`();
    Returns `true` if this is not instantiated in non-root module, and is a part of non-speculative instantiatiation.

    Note: minst does not stabilize until semantic analysis is completed, so don't call this function during semantic analysis to return precise result.

  final bool `findTempDecl`(Scope* `sc`, WithScopeSymbol* `pwithsym`);
    Find template declaration corresponding to template instance.
    Returns:
    `false` if finding fails.

    Note: This function is reentrant against error occurrence. If returns `false`, any members of this object won't be modified, and repetition call will reproduce same error.

  final bool `updateTempDecl`(Scope* `sc`, Dsymbol `s`);
    Confirm `s` is a valid template, then store it.

    Input: `sc` `s` candidate symbol of template. It may be: TemplateDeclaration FuncDeclaration with findTemplateDeclRoot() != NULL OverloadSet which contains candidates

    Returns:
    `true` if updating succeeds.
  static bool `semanticTiargs`(Loc `loc`, Scope* `sc`, Objects* `tiargs`, int `flags`);
    Run semantic of `tiargs` as arguments of template.

    Input: `loc` `sc` `tiargs` array of template arguments `flags` 1: replace const variables with their initializers 2: don't devolve Parameter to Type

    Returns:
    `false` if one or more arguments have errors.
  final bool `semanticTiargs`(Scope* `sc`);
    Run semantic on the elements of tiargs.

    Input: `sc`

    Returns:
    `false` if one or more arguments have errors.

    Note: This function is reentrant against error occurrence. If returns `false`, all elements of tiargs won't be modified.

  final bool `needsTypeInference`(Scope* `sc`, int `flag` = 0);
    Determine if template instance is really a template function, and that template function needs to infer types from the function arguments.
    Like findBestMatch, iterate possible template candidates, but just looks only the necessity of type inference.
  final bool `hasNestedArgs`(Objects* `args`, bool `isstatic`);
    Determines if a TemplateInstance will need a nested generation of the TemplateDeclaration. Sets enclosing property if so, and returns != 0;
  final Dsymbols* `appendToModuleMember`();
    Append 'this' to the specific module members[]
  final void `declareParameters`(Scope* `sc`);
    Declare parameters of template instance, initialize them with the template instance arguments.
  final Identifier `genIdent`(Objects* `args`);
    This instance needs an identifier for name mangling purposes. Create one by taking the template declaration name and adding the type signature for it.
void `unSpeculative`(Scope* `sc`, RootObject `o`);
  IsExpression can evaluate the specified type speculatively, and even if it instantiates any symbols, they are normally unnecessary for the final executable. However, if those symbols leak to the actual code, compiler should remark them as non-speculative to generate their code and link to the final executable.
bool `definitelyValueParameter`(Expression `e`);
  Return `true` if `e` could be valid only as a template value parameter. Return `false` if it might be an alias or tuple. (Note that even in this case, it could still turn out to be a value).
class `TemplateMixin`: dmd.dtemplate.TemplateInstance;
struct `TemplateInstanceBox`;
  This struct is needed for TemplateInstance to be the key in an associative array. Fixing https://issues.dlang.org/show_bug.cgi?id=15812 and

  https: //issues.dlang.org/show_bug.cgi?id=15813 would make it unnecessary.

Copyright © 1999-2018 by the D Language Foundation | Page generated by Ddoc on Wed Feb 7 19:52:25 2018